what are the barriers in good dispensing practice

Bifocal contact lenses: history, types, characteristics and actual state and problem. Data were manually entered in an excel sheet and was used for final analysis. H. Toshida, K. Takahashi, K. Sado, A. Kanai, M. Akira. It was also thought that unavailability of an ideal MFCL leading to compromised visual performance will make the patients dissatisfied, however according to this study practitioners did not think it to be a significant barrier from patient's perspective. Contact lens prescribing pattern in India—2011. All the highly rated points were considered and incorporated in designing the final questionnaire, which was used during the survey. This study collected responses from the practitioners only. Knowledge of the barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of the CPG recommendations is the first step in creating strategies to improve health outcomes. We relied on practitioners’ understanding of their patients’ views and did not directly reach out to the patients as it was important to get the information from the practitioners regarding the barriers faced by them, leading to limited dispensing of MFCL. Another one is that it was conducted in Mumbai, India. La falta de concienciación de los pacientes (90%) fue la barrera más común desde la perspectiva del paciente. ]m��5E_�U�v�uQ��l The most common barriers in prescribing MFCL from a practitioners’ perspective were increased chair time (75%), lack of readily available trial lenses (69%) and limitation in power range (63%) (Fig. Availability of better designs and range of trial lenses with more power options will help in increasing the confidence and motivation level of the practitioners to dispense MFCLs. For manual prescriptions, check if the patient is registered on the practice’s dispensing software system. Bronge, S.M. Lack of awareness among patients (90%) was the most common barrier from patients’ outlook. Z��P�PuU\��>��"0t��Hu� ��t@a�J6��!�l�|��g�y4g6A\=a�K�]z]�L��]6�Hց��o��tUy`B��(4QZ��4�)��͵��/>Q�{�Q��y�z��N�t��.�_��_�.`~G+��)}=j�8L�:)�M7��"�bJ�0y�d��{� Zg�ut׭�4�6��*F�4��SD��,vu��:JX%��M'e�oK��K~��=t�x0�HJ��wYL�jď�Oc�7M�CP�(C�g�4a <>/XObject<>/Pattern<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Practitioners need to be trained on proper patient selection, an important enabler according to our study, as the success of these lenses has great dependence on correct patient selection.12. guide to good hygiene practice vending and dispensing language en summary dispensing dispensing ... other areas of good practice referred to in the retail guide include temperature control display of open foods pest control and the principles behind hazard analysis the use of the guide is optional however Nonetheless, if such Patients who communicated in their original language activities are not appreciated, or even not understood by the and in poor Amharic were considered to have a much [ ] potential users of such service, problems may materialise. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are designed to improve the quality of care and reduce unjustified individual variation in clinical practice. With the current study giving insights on the factors affecting the limited dispensing of MFCL from a practitioners perspective, further research can directly target the patients to understand their perspective regarding MFCL. Practitioners fitting one or fewer patients with MFCL per month completed survey A which described the potential barriers in fitting MFCL, while practitioners fitting two or more MFCL per month completed the survey B describing the motivators and the enablers for dispensing MFCL. The descriptive statistics of the respondents’ opinions have been grouped into four factors namely: patient, environmental, monetary and pharmacist/respondent’s factors. The contact lens practitioners have different educational backgrounds which are briefly described as follows,13. This will help in better management of the presbyopic lens wearing population in India. We acknowledge Bausch+Lomb, India professional services team for their help to reach out to the practitioners across Mumbai, India. endobj Bronge, S.M. stream Questions on potential barriers and motivators were included. The good news is that this can be achieved with some practice. Along with barriers, the study also gathered information about motivators and enablers for dispensing MFCL, which may help in planning strategies to overcome the barriers. Further probing is required to understand lack of motivation among experienced practitioners. Experienced practitioners were found to be least motivated for dispensing these lenses (p=0.01) [experience up to 8.5years-14% and experience >8.5year-54%]. Conclusion. Contact Lens Spectr, 29 (2014), pp. Herbal medicine use is increasing and the global market is estimated to be US$107 billion by the year 2017.Objectives. Scopus, Google Scholar, CrossRef, Index Copernicus, National Library of Medicine Catalog (NLM Catalog), MEDLINE/PubMed, Ibecs, CiteScore measures average citations received per document published. Promoting Efficient Management in Dispensing: Overcrowded pharmacies need a good management. Dispensing techniques (compounding and good practice) A. J. Winﬁeld (original author M. M. Moody) 7 77 After studying this chapter you will know about: Good dispensing practice to ensure quality The working environment and procedures Extemporaneous dispensing equipment and its correct use, including: Balances Liquid measuring Mortar and pestle The other option is a two-year diploma program in optometry which emphasizes refraction and ophthalmic techniques. with the dispensing software procedures, then go to step 6 2. This Guidelines are consistent with existing laws and regulations and also in line with the Guidelines for Good Medical Practice of the Malaysian Medical Council. Narcissistic Listening. 5). Most practitioners had undergone formal optometry training – 23% were graduates who had completed a degree program or more in optometry, while 58% completed their diploma program in optometry and 19% practitioners were observed to be non-optometry qualified practitioners (Fig. Good Manufacturing Practice from dispensing to packaging Your products help people stay healthier and improve well-being. Evaluation of two new soft contact lenses for correction of presbyopia: the Focus Progressives multifocal and the Acuvue Bifocal. <> �� JFIF ` ` �� C Today, a wide range of both rigid gas permeable and soft multifocal contact lenses (MFCL) – as an option for correcting presbyopia – are available globally.1, Lens design, lighting and contrast are known to affect the visual performance of these lenses. “Research reports lack clear practice implications and generalizability” (Wells, Free & Adam, 2007, p. 136). Dispensing of MFCLs in India can be enhanced by addressing major barriers such as limitations in power range and lack of awareness of availability of these lenses among CL wearers. Our findings also differed from the assumptions made by Morgan et al. Proper dispensing practices as part of medication therapy increase benefits and minimize risks to the consumers. The majority of practices represented were stand-alone (81%) as compared to (19%) retail chain outlets. Se incluyeron cuestiones sobre las barreras potenciales y los factores motivadores. Journal of Optometry accepts and publishes articles in English. To enhance the MFCL practice, barriers like lack of awareness and limitations in power range must be addressed. We also wanted to identify the motivators and enablers from the practitioners who have been successfully dispensing these lenses and the impact of factors like, years of experience, type of practice and different optometry training levels contributing to the prescribing of these lenses. Patients in Yemen commonly visit community pharmacies to obtain consultation or treatment for common ailments. This usually involves interpreting a written prescription but may, on … Instead, availability of trial lens, power range and increased chair time were observed to be more significant barriers this could be because the study was conducted in India. Se observó que los facultativos experimentados estaban menos motivados (p=0,01), y pensaban que sus pacientes consideraban que estas lentes eran caras (p=0,02). Barriers, motivators and enablers for dispensing MFCL were discussed and documented from both the practitioner and patient's perspective. Responses from survey A: (A) lack of motivation, (B) unsatisfactory vision with multifocal contact lenses, (C) lack of awareness and (D) expensive. Patient response to concentric bifocal contact lenses. Audience of J Optom includes Optometrists, Ophthalmologists and Visual Scientists as well as undergraduate and post-graduate students in these fields. As about 62% of the practitioners showed least or neutral response in the level of motivation toward dispensing MFCL, increasing the level of self-motivation of the practitioner is very important for dispensing these lenses as that will positively influence their recommendation to the patient. Background: The inappropriate use of medicine is a widespread problem, especially in developing countries. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. Good pharmacy practice (GPP) guidelines have been framed and implemented in India to achieve a standard practice. 6). • Draft Good Dispensing Practice Guidelines(PSD)/2015 . Patients with inadequate literacy and/or health literacy skills are the most likely to have difficulties in understanding proper drug use. The early MFCL designs were found to decrease contrast sensitivity and stereoacuity for the patient thus affecting the adaptation to these lenses.2–4 Studies with lenses designed to overcome these issues have shown that high contrast acuity is not significantly affected with bifocal contact lenses.5 Recent study done with simultaneous MFCL lens design showed good results in achieving required visual acuity and visual performance under – real life conditions.6 Few studies also reported that advances in the lens design found no significant decrease in stereoacuity with MFCL as compared to spectacle correction.7,8, Considering these advancements and better patient satisfaction with the newer designs, MFCL are expected to be the preferred choice for correcting presbyopia as compared to other contact lens correcting options.8, However, a survey on contact lens prescribing patterns conducted in India showed that only 33% of presbyopes were prescribed MFCL, while the recent global survey showed that half of all patients in the presbyopic age range are prescribed multifocal contact lenses, while only 10% receive a monovision correction.9,10 Few studies also observed that practitioners preferred fitting monovision lenses over MFCL, which may be due to the ease of fitting and availability of wide power range.8,11,12. higher level of misunderstanding than patients who could Pharmacist–patient communication barriers in dispensing practice Teshale Etiso Wado et al… Journal of Optometry The Journal of Optometry (J Optom) is the scientific double blind peer-reviewed publication of the Spanish General Council of Optometrists (www.cgcoo.es). hypothesized that psychological factors, like, the lack of product awareness, fitting skills, technical know-how and confidence among practitioners could be the primary barriers in fitting MFCL.11 While these barriers featured in our study, they were not found to be the most significant ones. An additional two years of post-graduate training in clinical optometry provides a master of optometry. dispensing environment and medicines stock management. 3). Unfortunately this is one of the hardest to overcome but it can be done. When this study was conducted, presbyopic lenses from only two multinational companies (B&L and J&J) were available to the practitioners. PDF | Background: The inappropriate use of medicine is a widespread problem, especially in developing countries. endobj There is no clarity on the factors governing the prescribing and dispensing of MFCL. Joe, M.A. Irrational dispensing practice like dispensing of prescription only drugs at partial dose and even without a prescription, poor labelling of the dispensed drugs, lack of patient counselling, incomplete compiling and recording of prescriptions and charging patients unreasonably high price 1). The difference in the mean was tested using unpaired t-test and difference in the proportions was tested using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test (for low expected cell counts). Los Optometristas Graduados pensaron que la dispensación de MFCL no ofrecía una buena propuesta comercial (p=0,02). endobj Thisstudyisnotwithoutlimitation.Duetosmallsample size,itmaynotbegeneralizedtocommunitypharmacistsin thenation,andknowledgeshouldbebetterassessedthrough questionsspecifictotheuse,safety,andinteractionofherbal medicines… This dispensing pattern is similar to another study conducted in Tamil Nadu, India, where 58% of the pharmacists dispensed drugs without prescription but better than practices in other countries such as Egypt (72%), Tanzania (77%), and Vietnam (99%) where higher rates of dispensing without prescriptions were documented. endobj 7 0 obj The barriers to pharmaceutical care practice among community and hospital pharmacists in the two cities in Enugu state are shown in Table 4 with their respective mean ± SEM. %PDF-1.5 M.G. Working surface and shelves Working surfaces, cupboards and shelves need to be in a good state of repair and in a clean and tidy condition. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 47 community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, using a structured interviewing questionnaire.Results. Majority of the respondents had good knowledge and good practice on dispensing ECP and possessed a positive attitude towards the use of ECP. The responses of the practitioner were rated on a five-point scale (from strongly disagree to strongly agree) based on their level of agreement to the statements in the survey. 4 0 obj %�� Data showing qualifications of the eye care practitioners. Mook. It is designed to minimise the potential for dispensing errors and to save you time and expense. <> Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess patient knowledge of dosage regimen and the pharmacists dispensing practice.Method: A cross-sectional study design … p value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Community pharmacists have an opportunity to optimize medication use and improve patient outcomes. IN DISPENSING This guide is based on the Quality Care Pharmacy Program. Dichos cuestionarios fueron distribuidos entre 133 profesionales de cuidados oculares en Mumbai, India. Perhaps one of the biggest barriers to reflection is you! Limited knowledge on and access to information regarding herbal medicines are the main barriers to the pharmacists' practice. endstream �Ѷ��m� ��b�,�{�O�q1f�h�'4'��K�K�i��5�5��Ez�14~M1. But poor communication between patient and pharmacist carries potential adverse clinical consequences. The journal will be published every 3 months and is accessible for free this web: http://www.journalofoptometry.org. All of its articles are freely available without charge and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. This study aimed at assessing community pharmacists’ personal use, knowledge, attitude, dispensing practice, and the barriers regarding herbal medicines.Methods. Para mejorar la práctica de las MFCL, deben abordarse las barreras tales como la falta de concienciación y las limitaciones del rango de potencia. Most common potential barriers in prescribing MFCL were increased chair time (75%), lack of readily available trials (69%) and limitation in power range (63%). 401-405, Copyright © 2014. [7] However, the quality of dispensing provided seems to be way below the acceptable levels of "GPP." Experienced practitioners were observed to be least motivated (p=0.01) and believed that their patients found these lenses expensive (p=0.02). The data entered in MS Excel were converted to Stata for analysis using Stata Version 11. Pharmacist–patient communication barriers in dispensing practice: a descriptive study in Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama City, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Being reflective takes a certain level of self-insight which can be uncomfortable for some people, especially if you are not used to it. This questionnaire included questions for ECPs from both practitioner and patient's perspective. Trial lens availability may motivate practitioners to prescribe MFCL. Usual common causes of mistakes to the reported extent are lack of concentration (90%), similarity in the drug name (51%), inexperience/lack of knowledge (16%), misreading medication order (8%) and wrong assumption (5%). Graduate Optometrists felt dispensing MFCL did not offer a good business proposition (p=0.02). Background. ... Guide to Good Dispensing Practice (GDsP) ... Good Compounding Practice 1st Edition 2018 . 3 0 obj In the latter half of the 1980s to the 1990s, nonspherical progressive MFCL (Stein, 1990) and diffraction CL (Freeman and Stone, 1987) were developed, and a large number of bifocal CLs were made. Manufacturers need to work on not only spreading awareness among the patients but also promote and regularly update the practitioners about newer products and their advantages. All the discussed points covering the barriers, motivators and enablers were rated by the two groups from being the most common and relevant to the least common and relevant points responsible for the limitation in dispensing MFCL. The third group is made up of practitioners with no formal optometric training. The Good Dispensing Practice and Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Training Manual has been developed to be used for training of professionals working at medicine dispensaries, pharmaceutical stores, drug supply management units at health facilities and respective Understanding and addressing these factors might help in exploring the untapped market of MFCL. As optometry is not a regulated profession, these factors could also play a role in contact lens dispensing in India. where11: Possibility of patients losing faith in the practitioner was considered to be a barrier; on the contrary, in our study patient loyalty and increased referrals were found to be motivators. Hace falta investigación adicional para ayudar a comprender la falta de motivación entre los facultativos experimentados. However, some of the respondents felt that ECP should not be categorized under OTC drugs and agreed that ECP without prescription would promote unsafe sex and the CPPs lacked specific information about ECP such as side effects, dosing schedule, … Harris, J.E. Limited knowledge on and access to information regarding herbal medicines are the main barriers to the pharmacists' practice. The following are the supplementary data to this article: Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs? Barriers to Practice and the Impact on Health Care: A Nurse Practitioner Focus ... the term “good ole . 5 0 obj Read more. Sheedy, M.R. The J Optom publishes Full-Length Original Articles, Scientific Letters, Critical Reviews, Editorials, Letters to Editor and other Authors. Harris, M.R. Nearly half of the respondents (, 46.8%) … Today's presbyopes, especially in the metropolitan cities are observed to be leading an active and diverse lifestyle. You are strongly advised to observe them on each occasion you dispense a prescription. The means and standard deviation for the linear variables and proportions for categorical variables were estimated. 4). Basic demographic data of the practitioners, including their qualification and the years of experience, were documented after obtaining their consent. In 1957, DeCarle in London developed simultaneous-vision bifocal CLs that were free from the problem of rotation, which became the basis for current bifocal CL (DeCarle, 1989). Responses from survey B: (A) multiple sales and good business proposition, (B) achievement of professional satisfaction, (C) increase in patient loyalty and (D) increase in patient referrals. An international survey of contact lens prescribing for presbyopia. The J Optom welcomes the submission of original manuscripts and reviews describing clinical and experimental research in the field of Optometry, Ophthalmic Optics, Ocular Surface and Basic and Applied Visual Science in general; research on Instruments and Techniques, Reports of Clinical Cases, and clinically relevant laboratory investigations are also welcomed. <>>> If yes, then add the prescribed items to the patient’s record and produce labels in accordance with dispensing software procedures. Joe, M.A. International contact lens prescribing in 2013. Medical supply: means any article that may be used on the inner or outer part of the body for diagnosis or treatment of disease in man or animal. <> An almost equal number of respondents completed each survey, 51% of ECPs completed survey A while 49% completed survey B. ?n de lentes de contacto multifocales en Mumbai, India. GOOD DISPENSING PRACTICE MANUAL (2nd Edition) 5 4DISPENSARY DESIGN AND EQUIPMENT The dispensary, its fittings and equipment should be adequate for the purpose of dispensing. This study was thus conducted to get a better understanding of the barriers perceived by practitioners in India, which could be the major reason to limit the popularity of these lenses. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and practices of community pharmacists regarding their participation in public health activities and barriers to their … Sheedy, M.G. Se recibieron respuestas procedentes de 102 facultativos. Making trial lenses readily available might help to build confidence and motivate practitioners to recommend these lenses. Narcissistic listening is a form of self-centered and self-absorbed listening in … Se llevaron a cabo dos debates a fin de diseñar los cuestionarios relativos a los hábitos de prescripción de las lentes de contacto multifocales (MFCL). Practitioners who regularly dispensed MFCL reported that professional satisfaction (88%) and better business proposition (82%) were their main motivators in prescribing these lenses (Fig. Indian J Ophthalmol, 60 (2012), pp. Spanish General Council of Optometry, International Association of Contact Lens Educators, Pune, Maharashtra, India, Dr. Doongerwala's Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Illinois College of Optometry, International Association of Contact Lens Educators, Chicago, IL, USA, To improve our services and products, we use cookies (own or third parties authorized) to show advertising related to client preferences through the analyses of navigation customer behavior. Task and visual performance with concentric bifocal contact lenses. Dispensing Process Adherence to good dispensing procedures is vital in ensuring that medicines are dispensed correctly and any potential/ real errors which may occur during the dispensing process are detected and rectified before medicines reach the patient. Barriers, motivators and enablers for dispensing multifocal contact lenses in Mumbai, India, Barreras, factores motivadores y factores facilitadores de la difusi? The concept of bifocal contact lenses has a history since 1938, when Feinbloom from New York described a segmented Bifocal CL and a Trifocal CL (Moss, 1962). SRJ is a prestige metric based on the idea that not all citations are the same. Is binocular contrast sensitivity at distance compromised with multifocal soft contact lenses used to correct presbyopia?. In an earlier study Morgan et al. Good Pharmacy Practice Manual and Associated SAPC rules 2018: South African Pharmacy Council 7 2.7.3.3 Dispensing containers 2.7.3.4 Reuse of containers 2.7.3.5 Reuse of medicines 2.7.3.6 Confidentiality 2.7.3.7 Recalls 2.7.3.8 Personal hygiene 2.7.3.9 Expiry dates 2.7.3.10 Adverse drug reaction reporting 2.7.3.11 Generic substitution Las barreras potenciales más comunes de la prescripción de MFCL fueron el incremento del tiempo de consulta (75%), la falta de disponibilidad de lentes de prueba (69%) y la limitación del rango de potencia (63%). Guide to Good Dispensing Practice: 2016 Page 4 3. CONCLUSION: Although community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, commonly use and demonstrated good attitude towards herbal medicines, they are less involved in dispensing such products. Good dispensing practices ensure that an effective form of the correct medicine is delivered to the right patient, in the correct dosage and quantity, with clear instruc-tions, and in a … Thus it is very important for the manufactures to invest more in Indian market and increase the availability of various MFCL designs which are available in global market. main barriers were lack of knowledge, limited access of information,andunregulatedsaleofthepreparationsinthe nation. �S(��[@�l��@�(H��Y��9}�N��x8��j>.��^�"� �[U`ZK2R�;V��J��ʞ.�0O�G��q��`(�>��`6��ڨ This will not only help boost the confidence of the practitioners but will also help in reducing the extra chair time which is considered as one of the major barriers by practitioners. x��W�n9}7��Lˢ�Z�M\Թ�mQ�x�l��&��Kj4�o�8�Y�)��d0��Z�@q��o��p G�n��QH�o��?/Ҕ�Jh��ݎ�~w;_(��ngD�0� Vv¦�j�6�� P%�O8T{:4Zx��n�(�F�Rg M��u��,�Zg��:4g`k�*@�1�k[�ݘʹ+�D�`= R��4|16�LJ]�O�T�.��:H��P�sV�^(f�8��4��K髤s�٪��jj��"hhQkzX�(`�c��&��P~� @ŉۮp�+�3�#�;��Fg��(9 ib�DeNR=mS�#+VG:�3�D�G�uS>j��B�g_4�b1�Z"��d��v�M¦N�҈H݉��)-M�0�-��_��F\3�e�K7�B��M��_�$@��Ed�(��ڂ%��Β��"��BAF�� ژM5��RX��ש��+�jR��t��w6U� R��s��q��4i�lj��F�~�"cY��&T�O��Q�� "�_��I�&\:mE�B�a�T*��?�]�k}��L&5!��V��XO(�T� The majority of practitioners reported that lack of awareness (90%) was the major barrier from patient's perspective, while cost was the secondary barrier (48%) (Fig. Two focus group discussions were conducted for designing the research questionnaires. Mook. They are recommended to be The questionnaires were distributed among 133 eye care practitioners across Mumbai, India. The Poison’s Act 1952 and the PHFSA 1998 and Regulations P.U. Experienced professionals and contact lens manufacturers can conduct educational programs in presbyopic contact lens fitting in order to enhance skills of the practitioners. It is an open access journal. Within each issue, all abstracts will be translated into Spanish by the Editorial Office. J.E. stream Good Dispensing Practice Manual Operational definitions Drug: means any substance or mixture of substances used in the diagnosis, treatment, mitigation or prevention of a disease in man or animal. The degree of Bachelors in optometry is granted after four years of training. Making trial lenses available could aid in persuading these practitioners to try these lenses. Responses from survey B: (A) desired natural look, (B) serves professional requirement, (C) clear vision at all distances, (D) already a CL user, (E) freedom from specific eye and head postures, (F) cost effective as compared to advanced PALs and (G) good field of vision. Two focus group discussions were conducted to design questionnaires regarding the prescribing habits for multifocal contact lenses (MFCL). Shyam K. Adhikari Department of Drug Administration 2. The role of optometrists in India: an integral part of an eye health team. 1 0 obj ��nQ�ˣ1�qiC4Oe7�ؒ endobj Visual performance with simultaneous multifocal contact lenses. ",#(7),01444'9=82. This work is conducted without external financial support. Natural appearance (86%) and unrestricted field of view (84%) were observed as the major motivators from the patient's point of view (Fig. 2 0 obj Comprender las barreras potenciales y los factores motivadores y facilitadores de la dispensación de lentes de contacto multifocales (MFCL). Currently there are very few MFCL options available in India. A. Llorente-Guillemot, S. Garcia-Lazaro, T. Ferrer-Blasco. Good Dispensing Practice- ppt 1. Teshale Etiso Wado. Barriers, motivators and enablers for dispensing multifocal contact lenses in... http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2011.00666.x, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.opx.0000197958.83213.b1, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2010.00524.x, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.2007.00242.x, http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0301-4738.100534, The eye: ¿An organ that must not be forgotten in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic¿, Post-COVID-19 and the Portuguese national eye care system challenge. Barriers, motivators and enablers for dispensing MFCL were discussed and documented from both the practitioner and patient's perspective. $.' 30-35. Comparison of multifocal and monovision soft contact lens corrections in patients with low astigmatic presbyopia. SJR uses a similar algorithm as the Google page rank; it provides a quantitative and qualitative measure of the journal's impact. DISPENSING Dispensing is an important part of the practice of pharmacy, in which the dispenser interprets the physician's requirements on the prescription and accordingly supplies medicines for the treatment of his patient (s). Although community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, commonly use and demonstrated good attitude towards herbal medicines, they are less involved in dispensing such products. Professional satisfaction (88%) and better business proposition (82%) were observed as main motivators while availability of the trials (84%) and correct patient selection (82%) were the major enablers. Two-thirds of the respondents were males (66.67%) with a mean experience of 11±8 years as compared to that seen in female respondents which was 8±5 (p=0.03). Continuing navigation will be considered as acceptance of this use. Our sincere thanks to Dr. Maninder Setia for his help with the statistical analysis and Judith Flanagan for proof reading the manuscript. 3. La disponibilidad de lentes de prueba puede motivar a los facultativos a prescribir MFCL. These practitioners strongly believed that their patients found these lenses highly priced (p=0.02) [experience up to 8.5years-32% and experience >8.5year-50%] and thus would not consider using them. The second describes principles, processes of good dispensing practices and about the dispensers followed by medicines information. Stand-alone practitioners were observed to be more neutral and did not give any agreement or disagreement regarding their opinion about the awareness of these lenses among patients (p<0.05) [stand alone practice-43% and retail chain-11%]. Manuscripts must be submitted in English language irrespective of the native language of the authors. 102 (77%) out of 133 ECPs successfully completed the survey. Further research and probing are required to understand lack of motivation among experienced practitioners. 6 0 obj Responses from survey B: (A) adequate knowledge and skills, (B) easy motivation through good communication, (C) correct patient selection, (D) increased confidence due to trial lens availability and (E) good awareness through marketing. Responses from 102 practitioners were received. Efforts were thus made to create better corrective lens options for these patients. Como principales factores motivadores se observaron la satisfacción profesional (88%) y la mejor propuesta comercial (82%), mientras que la disponibilidad de lentes de prueba (84%) y la correcta selección del paciente (82%) fueron los principales factores facilitadores. You can change the settings or obtain more information by clicking. <> Herbal Medicines: Personal Use, Knowledge, Attitude, Dispensing Practice, and the Barriers among Community Pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia Dessalegn Asmelashe Gelayee, Gashaw Binega Mekonnen, Seyfe Asrade Atnafe, Mequanent Kassa Birarra, Assefa Belay Asrie. Vision and task performance with monovision and diffractive bifocal contact lenses. Responses from survey A: (A) limitation in power range availability, (B) lack of confidence, (C) lack of knowledge and skills, (D) do not provide good business proposition, (E) increased chair time, (F) lack of motivation, (G) trial lenses not readily available and (H) lens material not suitable for long hours. The final questionnaire was distributed among 133 practitioners across Mumbai, India, through either email with prior telephonic explanation about the survey or through personal distribution of the questionnaire with explanation prior to enrollment. Los profesionales que adaptaban una o menos lentillas multifocales al mes completaron la encuesta que describe las barreras potenciales, mientras que aquellos facultativos que adaptaban más lentes de contacto al mes completaron la encuesta que describe los factores facilitadores y motivadores. In India, optometry is not a regulated profession. 2). This guideline is used to provide guidance on compounding practice on the preparation used for treatment of any individual or aesthetic purposes. Though graduated optometrist was motivated to dispense MFCL they felt dispensing MFCL did not provide a good business proposition (p=0.02) [B.optom – 73%, D.optom – 93% and Others – 50%] as compared to the diploma holders. Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia. the dispensing area itself is restricted to authorized person-nel only. One group consisted of 12 eye care practitioners (ECPs) who regularly dispensed MFCL (on average minimum two patients per month), while the other group consisted of 12 ECPs who did not, or occasionally, dispensed MFCL (on an average one or less than one patient per month). This was one limitations of this study. Practitioners fitting one or less patient per month with MFCL completed the survey describing potential barriers, while those who prescribed more MFCL's per month completed the survey describing enablers and motivators. To understand the potential barriers, motivators and enablers in dispensing multifocal contact lenses (MFCL). <> All the discussed points covering the barriers, motivators and enablers were rated by the two groups from being the most common and relevant to the least common and relevant points responsible for the limitation in dispensing MFCL. ... MA H 1996: Carryover r egulates dispensing of controlled . Availability of the trial lenses (84%) and correct patient selection (82%) enhanced their confidence and worked as major enablers for them (Fig. To ensure the consistent quality of products, you build quality directly into your processes and into your way of thinking and working. Finally the fourth part gives guidance to quality assurances of the dispensing practice and dispensed medicines. A number of routine checks and procedures have been prepared for your guidance. With the aging of the population globally, the contact lens industry perceived tremendous potential in the presbyopic market. Spanish General Council of Optometry, Journal of Optometry is a member and subscribes the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), © Copyright 2020. Drug dispensers should provide appropriate, understandable and relevant information to patient about their medication. SNIP measures contextual citation impact by wighting citations based on the total number of citations in a subject field. Different geographical locations may have different factors governing the MFCL dispensing. They are concerned about health and are equally conscious about their appearance.11,12 It was found that more presbyopes, especially females, as compared to males, opt for wearing lenses supporting the fact that this group is more conscious about cosmesis.11 It is important to make them aware of the existence and advantages of these lenses. endobj Habits for multifocal contact lenses ( MFCL ) the preparation used for final analysis 7 However... Programs in presbyopic contact lens Spectr, 29 ( 2014 ), pp variables estimated... Two-Year diploma program in optometry which emphasizes refraction and ophthalmic techniques standard practice Mumbai. That their patients found these lenses ( PSD ) /2015 una buena propuesta comercial ( p=0,02 ) also... The pharmacists ' practice las barreras potenciales y los factores motivadores y facilitadores de la dispensación de MFCL no una. 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